Michelangelo

Self Portrait of Michelangelo

"Madonna of the Stairs"

"Battle of the Centaurs"

Michelangelo, short for Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, was born on March 6, 1496 in Caprese Michelangelo, Italy. His father was the local magistrate, a judge or civil officer who administers the law. When he was a few weeks old, his parents moved back to Florence. At the age of thirteen, in 1488, Michelangelo began an apprenticeship with the Florence painter Domenico Ghirlandaoi. It is believed that this was when Michelangelo began making his own art pieces. By the time he was sixteen, he made two sculptures, one called Battle of the Centaurs, and the other Madonna of the Stairs (Both made from 1489-92). In 1492, Michelangelo began studying human anatomy at the Sto Spirito Hospital in Florence. It is said that he carved a crucifix that still hangs in the building. In Rome, during the year 1496, he carved his first major piece of work, Bacchus. His piece, Pietå, made his name and he returned to Florence in 1501 as a famous sculptor. He stayed in Florence until 1505, creating many more sculptures including the famous David. These pieces of artwork still inspire people today. Michelangelo died February 18, 1564 by suffering from a severe fever.

"David"

Cite(s) Used: Michelangelo Background

                        Dictionary

                        Michelangelo's Life

Renaissance and Reformation

Secular is not having to do with religion (religion doesn't rule the society).













Leonardo Da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, and mathematician. He was the artist that created the famous painting, Mona Lisa.        ------------------------>





Florence is a major city-state in Italy.
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Vernacular is the language or dialect that the ordinary people spoke.      ---------------------->
             









Michelangelo was a famous sculptor during the Renaissance. He created the sculptor shown, called David.
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                                  Donatello was a sculptor from Florence.   ------------>









Martin Luther was a leader of the Protestant Reformation during the 16th century.                        
                                                           















 Desiderius Erasmus, a Christian humanist, had a religion that he called, "The Philosophy of Christ". He was the first person to edit the New Testament.                                                ----------------->










 Edict of Worms was a decree issued by Emperor Charles the V, condemning Martin Luther as a heretic.                    








John Calvin stood close to Martin Luther. He believed in, "the Power, Grace, and Glory of God".          















 Jesuits were members of a Roman Catholic religious order.                   








The Council of Trent was held in Trento, Italy from 1545 to 1563 to respond to the threat of Protestantism, or all the Catholic Churches as a whole.                                                     -------->

Aztec Clothing

-What kind of clothes did the Aztecs wear?
Aztec clothing, which was generally made of cotton, was loose fitting and often didn't cover the whole body. The clothes could also be made from ayate, a fiber derived from the maguey cactus. They would either go barefoot or wear sandals.

Ayate Fiber

-Who wore the clothing and who made it?
Teenage girls were often taught to make clothing, and used this task through out their entire life. Women wore a skirt kept in place by a sash or they would wear a sleeveless tunic along with a cloak, while men wore a loin cloth and a cloak. Until the age of 3, boys wouldn't wear anything but a cape, and girls would only wear a blouse like her mothers. At the age of 4, their clothing was similar to the adults. Laws regulated what type of fibers people could wear, depending on the individuals social status.

Commoner                                                         Noble 

-When?

-Where were the clothes made/worn?
The women would harvest the fibers from cactus, and

Rise of the Mongols

Around 1162, a baby was born among the Mongol group, and in his hand he clutched a blood clot which was a sign of good fortune. He was named Temujin, which means "Blacksmith". The Mongols were a nomadic group and lived in yurts on the Mongolian Steppe. All children were taught to ride horses bareback and shoot bows made out of bone and sinew at a very young age. When Temujin was nine years old, his father was poisoned by an enemy group known as the Tatars. He made allies among the different groups, but not the Tatars. One of these leaders was Toghril, a leader of the Kereyits, who helped him rescue his wife, Borte, from the Merkits. Temujin acted out of vengeance against the death of his father and defeated the Tatars, enslaving the women and children.

When he was 40, Temujin was named Genghis Kahn by the Mongals, meaning "Oceanic Ruler of the Universe". He gave command to those, and only those, that proved themselves. Well disciplined men made up his army, and in return, he treated them with loyalty. During his first campaign outside of Mongolia, his men and him had to cross the Gobi desert. Mares milk and blood kept them alive and they successfully defeated the kingdom of Xi Xia. They made their way into the Jin Dynasty in northern China. After the Mongols defeat, the Jin troops joined Genghis Khans army and gave him their loyalty. They pillaged further into Europe, gaining wealth. Many different tactics were used, most including sneak attacks on their enemy.

Living on the Steppe, the Mongols had a keen sense of sight and sound. They could see up to four or five miles away, and could hear the hoofbeats of horses up to twenty miles away. This was a great advantage to them to see their enemies. Also, their composite bows were strong and had a large shooting range of up to 350 yards (1050 feet). Shooting these bows since a very young age, the men that used them were very skilled and had great aim. When shooting on horseback, they would shoot their arrows when their horses feet were off the ground, because this provided the best shot possible.

Middle Ages

4.1 - Analyze impacts of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire

Slavery, disease, inflation, and many other factors impacted the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The vikings were strong and uncaring, but had very nice ships called longboats. 

I believe i'm at a level 1. 

4.2 - Examine the Feudal System and Roman Catholic Church in medieval Europe


4.3 - Analyze causes and consequences of the Crusades

Augustus

Augustus Caesar (Octavian) 

Background 

• Born in Rome, Italy On September 23, 63 BC
• Reigned in Rome from 27 BC- 14 AD
• Became leader at the age of 18 after his uncle was assassinated
• Gave up all his military power in 27 BC
• Parents were Gaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia
• Had 3 wives; Clodia Pulchra (42 BC- 40 BC), Scribonia (40 BC- 38 BC), and Livia (37 BC- 14 AD)
• Had one biological child (With Scribonia) named Julia, and four adopted children named Tiberius, Gaius, Agrippa, and Lucius
• Died on August 19, 14 AD of illness

Achievements

• 44 BC: Octavian is named as the heir of Rome (First Roman Emperor)
• Defeated Cleopatra and Antony at the battle of Actium in 31 BC
• Appointed Senator and propraetor
• Revised the membership of the Senate
• Elected Consul at the age of 19
• Formed the second Triumvirate
• Expanded the borders of the Empire
• Rebuilt Rome into a city of marble

Cause of Death

• Augustus died as a result of old age and failing health

Historical Significance

Spartacus

WHO was Spartacus? 

A gladiator, a barbarian and a slave. He's from Thrace (N. of Greece), Born around 100 BC, 

WHAT did he do?

He broke out of the Gladiatorial grounds (Spartacus and 70+ others), they then took refuge on Mt. Vesuvius. Spartacus attacks the camp from behind (he won). He changed slaves into soldiers (Metapontum). They went into war with the Romans, and defeated them. They got all the Romans weapons and wealth. Spartacus wanted to march to Sicily, where a large amount of grain was found. Pirates were going to help them out by bringing them across the river, but they never showed up. 6,000-10,000 of Spartacus' men died. He ran out of options and decided he could either fight or die. Spartacus was now outnumbered by the Romans, and Spartacus was captive to their wishes. The Romans defeated Spartacus and his soldiers, and took back all their weapons. 

WHY did he do it?

Spartacus wants freedom, so he marched form the south to the north (to Sicily) to try and leave, but then began traveling back south with his soldiers after the pirates that were going to help them, never showed up. 

WHEN did it happen?

Big revolt (73-71 BC) 

WHERE did it happen?

All over Italy

HOW did it end?

Spartacus continued to fight after his army fled, but was defeated by the Romans. 

WAS HE A HERO OR A VILLAIN?
He was a hero to his army, but a villain to the Romans. I think he was a hero for helping slaves escape from the school and training them to become soldiers all by himself.